The Ethics of Animal Testing for Vaccine Development and...

Animal testing is important to ensure the safety of a variety of products, specifically pharmaceuticals, vaccines, and medical devices used for surgery and other treatments. It has also been used throughout history for various purposes. Once an unregulated practice, today there are laws, regulations, and requirements associated with the ethical use of animal models. In the United States, animal studies are now required before moving on to clinical trials. Legalities aside, controversy still arises between scientists, and public opinion can vary from unconcerned to extreme. The practice of vaccination is an important part of maintaining public health, and it has proven to be beneficial to both humans and animals. In regard to vaccine†¦show more content†¦At the time, Jenner had no way of knowing the cause of disease. Robert Koch proved that microorganisms were the cause of infectious diseases in the late 19th century. The work of Koch and other microbiologists of the t ime enabled us to extend vaccine strategies to other diseases.3 Animal testing has become an important stage in vaccine development. The first stages are exploratory and involve basic laboratory research. Methods of treatment, such as natural or synthetic antigens, are identified; this process may take an average of 2-4 years. The pre-clinical stage involves animal testing and may take an additional 1-2 years. Information gathered is used to determine the safety and potential success or failure of the vaccine. Scientists also use animal studies to try to determine what immune responses the vaccine may elicit in humans, as well as a safe starting dose and a safe method of administration.4 There are two major advantages gained through animal testing that cannot be acquired during the clinical stage. During the pre-clinical stage, scientists may alter the vaccine to increase its effectiveness, and they are also able to conduct challenge studies. A challenge study involves trying to infect the vaccinated animals in order to determine if the vaccine has been successful.4 Before such practices wereShow MoreRelatedAnimal Experimentation And Animal Testing1261 Words   |  6 Pagesagainst animal experimentation. The report begins with an introduction briefly outlining what animal experimentation refers to, introducing the three perspectives and highlighting the intention behind this investigation. The report then explores the positive and negative medical aspect of animal experimentation stating that it has resulted in vital vaccines benefitting both humans and animals, but also accepting it is not always reliable. 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